1907 in science

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The year 1907 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Contents 1 Chemistry 2 Geology 3 Medicine 4 Paleontology 5 Physics 6 Psychology 7 Technology 8 Zoology 9 Awards 10 Births 11 Deaths 12 References

Chemistry

• Emil Fischer artificially synthesizes peptide amino acid chains and thereby shows that amino acids in proteins are connected by amino group-acid group bonds.
• Georges Urbain discovers Lutetium (from Lutetia, the ancient name of Paris).

Geology

• Bertram Boltwood proposes that the amount of lead in uranium and thorium ores might be used to determine the Earth's age and crudely dates some rocks to have ages between 410—2200 million years.
• The Moine Thrust Belt in Scotland is identified by Ben Peach and John Horne, one of the first to be discovered.^[1][2]

Medicine

• Reuben Ottenberg performs the first successful human blood transfusion using blood typing and cross-matching at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York.^[3]
• Paul Ehrlich develops a chemotherapeutic cure for sleeping sickness.
• George Soper identifies "Typhoid Mary" Mallon as an asymptomatic carrier of typhoid in New York.^[4]
• Dengue fever becomes the second disease shown to be caused by a virus.^[5]

Paleontology

• October 21 - Jaw of Homo heidelbergensis (Mauer 1) found.^[6]

Physics

• Albert Einstein introduces the principle of equivalence of gravitation and inertia and uses it to predict the gravitational redshift.

Psychology

• Ivan Pavlov demonstrates conditioned responses with salivating dogs.
• Vladimir Bekhterev begins publication of Objective Psychology.^[7]

Technology

• August 29 - The partially completed Quebec Bridge collapses.^[8]
• Lee DeForest invents the triode thermionic amplifier, starting the development of electronics as a practical technology.
• The Autochrome Lumière is the first color photography process marketed.
• Samuel Simon patents a screenprinting process in the United Kingdom.

Zoology

• Carl Hagenbeck opens the Tierpark Hagenbeck in Stellingen, near Hamburg, Germany, the first zoo to use open moated enclosures, rather than barred cages, to better approximate animals' natural environments.^[9][10]

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics - Albert Abraham Michelson
  • Chemistry - Eduard Buchner
  • Medicine - Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran

Births

• January 12 - Sergei Korolev (d. 1966), Ukrainian-born space scientist.
• March 18 - J. Z. Young (d. 1997), English zoologist and neurophysiologist.
• April 15 - Nikolaas Tinbergen (d. 1988), Dutch ethologist, ornithologist and Nobel Prize laureate.
• June 1 - Frank Whittle (d. 1996), English aeronautical engineer.
• June 25 - Hans Daniel Jensen (d. 1973), German physicist.
• July 7 - Robert A. Heinlein (d. 1988), American hard science fiction author.
• August 30 - John Mauchly (d. 1980), American co-inventor of the ENIAC computer.
• September 14 - Solomon Asch (d. 1996), Polish-born social psychologist.

Deaths

• January 20 - Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (b. 1834), chemist.
• February 5 (O.S. January 22) - Nikolai Menshutkin (b. 1842), chemist.
• May 19 - Sir Benjamin Baker (b. 1840), civil engineer.
• July 14 - Sir William Perkin (b. 1838), chemist.
• December 17 - William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (b. 1824), physicist.

References